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Damaged surfaces and inconsistent markings are common issues when engraving metals or any other material. Are you struggling with the same problems? Don’t worry! Here’s a solution for your problem. Fiber laser engraving machine? Yes, these machines are offering precise, fast, and reliable results. Whether you deal with industrial parts or custom jewelry, a fiber laser engraving machine can offer you professional-grade outcomes.
So, in this blog, we will cover what fiber laser technology is, how it works, what these machines are, how they operate, their benefits, applications, and more. So, just keep reading!
What is Fiber Laser technology?
A fiber laser is an advanced laser system which uses a special fiber laser source. This fiber laser source creates and guides the beam, acting as both the laser source and waveguide. Basically, the fiber is doped with ytterbium ( a rare-earth element), which helps produce a stable and powerful beam. Fiber lasers are really efficient and reliable, as they can run for long hours without compromising the quality of work. That’s why, nowadays they are being used in modern factories.
It is worth mentioning that fiber lasers are different from CO₂, diode, and UV lasers. CO₂ lasers can’t give satisfactory results with metals. Diode lasers are small size and affordable, but have less power. And, UV lasers have a very short wavelength, but they are expensive and work slowly.
On the other hand, fiber lasers work fast, can create long-lasting, sharp marks, and offer consistent results with various types of materials.
Basically, a fiber laser engraving machine has three main parts: the fiber laser Source, the galvanometer (optical system), and control system. These parts work by collaborating with each other and offer you the desired results. (Discussed in detail in one of the coming sections)
Well, if we talk about the wavelengths, the fiber laser engraver for metal operates at a wavelength between 1064 and 1090 nanometers. And, this range is just perfect to engrave metals, like steel, brass, aluminum, and titanium. Apart from these, it also works best on coated surfaces and hard plastics.
How Fiber Laser Engraving Works?
Apparently, the working of a desktop fiber laser engraver may look complex, but it follows a sequential, precise, and clear process. Have a look;
Beam Generation
The process starts with the laser source. It produces a concentrated beam of light. Now, the fiber is doped with ytterbium, which makes sure that the energy is stable and strong. After this, the laser beam just passed through this optical fiber. It makes sure that the beam has reached the target material with minimal loss.
There’s a galvanometer system attached to the sstup (fast-moving mirrors). It guides the beam on how to move on the surface of the material. The laser focus is just a tiny drop, which cuts and makes a mark on the material at the microscopic level.
Material Interaction
Well, after a bombardment of laser beams on the material, the material absorbs the energy. The reaction of the material depends on the power and speed of the laser beam. For example, it can ablate, melt, or vaporize.
- Ablation: Removal of just a thin layer of material to make a perfect mark.
- Vaporization: I(t produces deeper cuts in the surface.
- Melting: It makes smooth effects and anneals the metals.
Non-Contact Precision
As we discussed, the process is all about hitting the laser on the material; it doesn’t touch the material directly. So, we can say that there is no:
- No tool wear
- No vibration marks
- Minimal material stress
Repeatability
Fiber lasers are so accurate that the material experiences the same energy every time. This property makes fiber laser engraving perfect for;
- Serial numbers
- Barcodes
- Detailed logos
Well, we can say that fiber laser engraving runs on powerful laser beams that focus the material precisely.
What are the components and Design of a Fiber Laser Engraving Machine?
Fiber laser machine delivers speed, reliability, and precision. Each part is involved in offering high quality and consistent results. Let’s discuss;
Laser Source and Fiber Amplifier
The laser source is the primary component; it produces beams with a fiber doped with ytterbium. Fiber Amplifier helps boost the beam, while maintaining the quality. This highly organized setup allows you to engrave metals, plastics, and coated surfaces. Generally speaking, a factory can engrave hundreds of metal tools in just an hour with this machine.
Scanning Head and Galvanometer Mirrors
The scanning head is the part that moves the beam on the material. Gamavometer mirrors guide the beam to follow the design perfectly. This detailed working allows you to engrave logos, serial numbers, and intricate patterns. This method is faster than any other mechanical engraving method.
CNC Controller and Software
The CNC controller is a main part of the laser fiber engraving machine. It acts as the brain of the machine. Basically, it converts your digital design into laser movements. Software allows you to adjust the speed, power, and frequency of the laser beam. So, whether you want to engrave a prototype or a full batch, you will get the same results every time.
Cooling and Safety Systems
When a fiber laser machine works, it generates heat. Therefore, cooling safety systems are required to keep the machine stable and safe. Enclosures, safety shields, and emergency stops keep the equipment safe. Due to these systems, fiber laser engraving machines keep working for hours and hours without affecting the results.
How to Operate a Laser Fiber Engraver?
A fiber laser engraver works on a simple principle. Have a look at the steps below;
Step 1 Preparing Design Files
First, prepare the design files (in formats like DXF, AI, or SVG). Make sure that the design includes all the details you want in the final part. The design should be clear and precise. If the paths and layers are correct, you will engrave the part without errors.
Step 2 Setting Parameters
After designing and preparing the file, adjust the machine parameters, like power, speed, focus, and accuracy. If you want deep cuts on metal, the high power and slow speed will be suitable. For plastics or light markings, low power and fast speed can prove best. Moreover, the focus should be adjusted properly so that the beam hits the surface accurately.
Step 3 Test Runs
Before moving on to the target material, always perform a test run on a scrap material. This way, you will be sure about the settings and adjustments. Therefore, the final results will be cleaner and precise.
Step 4 Engraving the target material
Now, the material is placed below the focus of the machine, and the process of engraving starts, until it produces the design exactly like the digital model prepared.
- Best Practices
It is really necessary to keep the lens and work area clean. Moreover, check the cooling systems before running the machine. Also, wear the protective eyewear to avoid any harm. You know, consistency comes with proper planning. Therefore, first plan, the implement each process in a proper sequence.
What are the Types of Laser Marks & Processes
Fiber laser machines can create different types of marks. It depends on the material and the purpose of engraving. In this section, we will discuss different types of laser marks and their processes. Have a look;
Deep Engraving (Material Removal)
Deep engraving removes the material and creates a durable, permanent mark. It is best for engraving industrial tools, parts, and molds. You may have seen serial numbers on machines, they are usually engraved by fiber laser machines.
Etching
Etching slightly removes the material from the surface. It just creates shallow marks. It is suitable for metals, like brass or aluminium. Well, these marks are best for decoration prices, logos, and light text. These marks are precise but less deep compared to full engraving.
Annealing
Annelaing doesn’t cut the metal. It just changes the color of the surface of the metal. So, it creates dark, permanent marks. These are mostly seen on jewelry, metal tags, or watches. The best thing is that it doesn’t affect the smoothness of the surface, the surface stays smooth while the marks stay for years and years.
Marking
Marking term is usually used to create numbers, visible text, or logos. It is a quick and clean method; therefore, best for batch productions.
Surface Finish and Contrast Marks
Well, the fiber laser technique also controls the contrast and finish of the part. It can create sharp, high-contrast, and highly visible marks, without compromising the elegance of the part.
Which Materials Can be Engraved by the Fiber Laser Technique?
Fiber Laser engraving machines are versatile. You can use them to engrave various types of material. For example:
Metals
Fiber lasers perform best on metals, like aluminium, titanium, steel, gold, and silver. It can create precise and durable marks that can withstand high heat, wear, and cleaning.
Hard Plastics and Coated Surfaces
These fiber lasers also work well on plastics, like polycarbonate, acrylic, or ABS. Moreover, these lasers can remove or darken the coating to get the best results.
Where Fiber Lasers Excel vs. Other Lasers
As we discussed, fiber lasers are best for metals and coated plastics. If you want to laser engrave glass, acrylic, or wood, then CO₂ is best. On the other hand, for soft plastic and medical items, UV lasers are the best.
How to Select a Laser Fiber Engraving Machine?
To get the desired results, it is important to choose the right best fiber laser engraver for metal. In this section, we will discuss some key factors that you have to consider before making a selection.
- Power (Wattage) and Impact on Depth/Speed
The power of the laser (measured in watts) affects the depth and the speed of engraving. If the power is high, it will create deeper cuts quickly. For example, if the power is 50 watts, it can handle brass or aluminium very easily, and if the power is about 20 watts, you should expect shallow cuts only. So, check the power of the machine while choosing a best laser engraver for wood or any other material.
- Engraving Area and Work-Area Size
Different machines have different sizes of the work area. For jewelry or small parts, sa mall machine is enoug,h while for industrial panels, larger tables are required. So, make sure the machine work-area size matches the material you are planning to engrave.
- Software Compatibility and User Interface
You know, software controls the machine settings. So, it’s better to check the interface of the machine. It should be user-friendly. Generally speaking, some software allows you to simulate the engraving before starting the actual process. So, it helps avoid mistakes and saves your time.
- Cooling Type and Duty Cycle
As we discussed, a cooling system is essential to keep the system stable. Well, for smaller tasks, air-cooled systems can be enough. And, to handle high power and long productions, water-cooled systems should be used.
- Safety and Enclosure Features
Safety of the machine and operator can’t be neglected. So, choose a machine that comes with an enclosure, protective shield, and an emergency stop.
Applications In Industries
What can a fiber laser engrave? Well, due to the speed, precision, and versatility of fiber laser machines, they are widely used in many industries. You can make durable, high-quality marks on a wide range of materials.
- Industrial Marking: Fiber lasers are used to mark serial numbers, traceability, and barcodes on the metal parts. These marks are permanent and can handle harsh environments. So, fiber lasers are perfect for factory equipment, production tracking, and machinery.
- Automotive and Aerospace Parts: You know, the aerospace and automotive industries need high precision and consistent results. So, fiber lasers can be used to engrave part numbers, logos, and safety codes. Moreover, the non-contact element of these lasers makes them perfect for critical surfaces, as there’s no chance of damage.
- Jewelry Customization and Branding: Fiber laser machines are also used by jewelry makers for custom engravings. They engrave gold, silver, or titanium. The fiber laser machine works so efficiently that it doesn’t produce any scratches on the surface. For example, a gold ring with an intricate design lasts a lifetime.
Electronics, Medical Devices, and Tooling: Fiber lasers are also used in medical instruments, electronic panels, tooling. You can mark small components with logos, serial numbers, or any measurement scale. For example, surgical instruments have identification codes, which are usually engraved by fiber laser machines.
Benefits of Fiber Laser Engraving
Fiber laser engraving has a lot of benefits, which makes it a preferred choice of many industries.
High Precision and Fine Detail: Fiber laser delivers very precise markings, creating fine and sharp details. It allows you to create logos, texts, and serial numbers. For example, initials on a gold ring can be engraved perfectly.
High Speed and Throughput: Fiber laser beams are compared to traditional engraving methods. A perfect balance of a powerful beam and a galvanometer mirror makes the marking quick and precise, making it perfect for large batches.
Low Maintenance and Long Service Life: Fiber laser machines come with a few moving parts. It demands very little maintenance and reduces downtimes. Honestly, once you buy the machine, it can operate for years without demanding major service.
Minimal Consumables and Eco-Friendly Operation: Unlike other engraving machines, the fiber laser doesn’t demand any kind of consumables. So, it helps reduce waste and costs. Moreover, it consumes less energy than other types of laser machines, supporting greener operations.
Conclusion
In a nutshell, fiber laser engravers are a perfect combination of speed, durability,a nd precision. They can work on many kinds of materials. Well, if you select the machine properly and follow the operation guide carefully, you can achieve high-quality and consistent results.
Okay, if you are in search of a reliable fiber laser solution, then you should give a chance to XLaserLab. Our E3 laser engraving machines are advanced, have a user-friendly interface, and offer consistent results. Moreover, machines offer precise engraving, safe operation, and permanent marks. So, if you have a real plan to buy a fiber laser engraving machine, visit XLaserLab now, get the desired engraving machine, and forget all the engraving-related worries for life.
